Based on an analysis of 164 observations amounting to 1,8% of the total numbers of operations on organs of the abdominal cavity the authors give more exact indications to early relaparotomy and to more optimal methods to eliminate complications appearing after primary operations. They recommend wider use of addicational methods of diagnosis of postoperative complications which will result in less lethality after relaparotomies.

In this article, according to scientific literature the methods of treatment of postoperative complications after mammoplasty. Capsular contracture is the most important, since modern implants are foreign bodies, which the body naturally responds with the formation of capsule. The frequency of capsular con- tractures according to different authors reaches 74%. The review considered the issues of conservative and surgical treatment of capsular contractory. Describes the technical operational techniques of closed and open capsulotomy, technology and features of endoprotezirovanie.

Background & Aims : To analyze the incidence different types of of gall bladder disease on attending Bir Hospital.Methods: It is a retrospective study of 855 cases who were operated from April 2012-March 2015(3years) in the department of surgery Bir Hospital with various problems related to gall bladder. 702 were female and 153 were male.Results: Maximum number of gall bladder disease found females age group 20-41 (53.45 %).The highest incidence, in total patients were, chronic cholecystitis 808 (94.72 %), acute cholecystitis 29(3.39%).Total number of Polyp gall bladder were 6 (0.70%) .carcinoma gall bladder 12 (1.40%) .The male to female ratio was 1:4.5. Aged between 61-80, 4 patients had CA gall bladder were in the age group of 41-60, 3 male patients had CA gall bladder and 2 female patients were malignant disease. From the age group 21-40, 1 male and 2 had female malignant in our study. In HPE showed well differentiated carcinoma was 1, moderately differentiated carcinoma 7, poorly differentiated carcinoma 3 all of CA gall bladder cases and adeno squamous cell carcinoma was 1 case.Conclusion: Ratio of cholelithiasis male to female 1:4.5. Incidence of carcinoma gall bladder is not high in Nepalese population in our study shows though it is one of the common presentations among the cases of the gall bladder disease. Late presentation and delay of diagnosis and poor outcome are the main problems.

Perforated gastroduodenal ulcer is one of the most dangerous and serious complications requiring immediate surgical treatment. Properly and ad- equately defined initially, tactics and method of treatment, is the absolute key to a successful outcome. It all depends on the age of patients, comorbidity of the disease, duration of hospitalization, surgical access and methods for suturing perforations. Currently, there are many methods of surgical correction strictly from radical to palliative, and need to choose one that is needed a particular patient. The widespread introduction of the urgent surgery minimally invasive endoscopic technology, allowed the use of laparoscopy closure of perforated ulcers pylorobulbar zone to improve postoperative rehabilitation of patients and reduce the duration of treat- ment. The analysis of literature shows that there is lack of publications analysing the ways pyloroplasty suturing of perforated ulcers. On the basis of issledovani we decided to determine the indications, advantages and disadvantages of minimally invasive and traditional technologies in the treatment of patients with perforated ulcer pylorobulbar zone.

Intra-abdominal hypertension and the abdominal compartment syndrome developed in its background, described in the medical press in the XIX century, in the XX century, received new impulses for revealing the patterns of organ disturbances from the systematization of knowledge. At present, manifestations of elevated abdominal pressure are registered in a wide range of surgical patients: patients with visceral edema (sepsis, acute pancreatitis, common forms of perito- nitis, closed abdominal injury), pneumoperitoneum (laparoscopy, rupture of hollow organs), an increase in the volume of intraperitoneal fluid (traumatic bleeding, ruptures of aneurysms of the abdominal aorta, acute pancreatitis). Currently, there is a need for further active introduction of advanced technologies, expansion of the arsenal of tools and treatment options to optimize surgical tactics in patients with the development of intra-abdominal hypertension syndrome and the risk of abdominal compartment syndrome.

The aim: evaluation of possibilities of surgical, including laparoscopic, procedures in the treatment of elderly patients with colon cancer.Material and methods: patients older than 60 years (group 1) and younger than 60 years (group 2) were included in the study.Results: the study is not noted a large number of intraoperative and postoperative complications, including severe, with a minimum of lethal outcomes in elderly patients groups. Obtained successful results of laparoscopic operations in patients with colon cancer in older age groups regardless of location and stage of the tumor, and the nature of the performed intervention.Conclusions: Laparoscopic surgeries are the method of choice in elective surgery elderly patients with colon cancer.

We have experience in laparoscopic suturing of perforated stomach and duodenal ulcers in 84 patients. All patients were performed gastroscopy and diagnostic laparoscopy, which allows you to clarify the localization, the size of the perforation, the severity of perifocal inflammatory infiltration, prevalence of peritonitis and the nature of the exudate in the abdominal cavity. Indications for performing laparoscopic suturing perforation are: localization of the ulcer in an accessible place for suturing, duration of perforation no more than 12 h with development of local unrestricted or diffuse serous-fibrinous peritonitis; a brief history of ulcerative anamnesis or lack of it (“mute” ulcers); the size of the perforation is not more than 5 mm in the duodenum and 10 mm in the stomach; lack of other complications of ulcer. The average length of stay in the hospital was 5.5 days. Complications in the form of inconsistency were observed in 1 patient (1.19%), he re- suture a perforation from the laparotomy access; on the 14th day of the postoperative period, also one patient was diagnosed with an intrahepatic abscess, which was drained under the ultrasound. The laparoscopic method of suturing can be considered a surgery of choice in case of perforated ulcers of the stomach and duodenum and has a number of advantages over an open operation, allows to avoid complications associated with laparotomy, reduce the length the patient hospital staying, reducethe rehabilitation period while observing the indications and contraindications to its implementation.Conclusions: Laparoscopic surgeries are the method of choice in elective surgery elderly patients with colon cance