Analysis of morphological changes in the gastric mucosa in various forms of acute pancreatitis

Introduction. Goal. To study the nature and degree of morphological changes in the gastric mucosa when comparing various forms of acute pancreatitis.

Materials and methods. 48 acts of pathomorphological conclusions and medical records (case histories) of patients who died from pancreatic necrosis for the period 2019-2023 were analyzed. All medical histories were analyzed together with the maps of pathoanatomical studies, while the stratification of changes was carried out according to the risk scale for changes in the mucous membrane of the digestive tract.

Results. In 2 cases, erosive and ulcerative lesions were represented by single small-point erosions (4,2 %). In other cases, there were multiple mucosal lesions, which corresponded to a group of 4-7 points in 33,3 %. The remaining 62,5 % had 100 % predicted risks of erosive and ulcerative lesions, all had severe acute pancreatitis, equally sterile and infected forms. During the morphological study of gastrobiopaths obtained from patients with sterile forms of pancreatic necrosis, we registered a significant increase in all processes of vascularization and blood flow in tunica mucosa, multiple leukocyte-macrophage complexes were visualized. The analysis ofpatients in the group of infected pancreatic necrosis revealed the progression of circulatory disorders in gastric tunica misosa, and consequently, with the dominant ischemic component in the blood supply disorder.

Conclusion. The study of the issues of ulcerogenesis in acute pancreatitis should become a springboard for the formation of effective prevention programs for the latter, and consequently, reduce the proportion of complications and the risk of death. The results obtained by us allow us to prove one of the leading roles in the formation of erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastric mucosa in severe acute pancreatitis an ischemic factor. The use of perfusion restoration methods in a comprehensive program of gastric mucosa protection will improve the results of treatment of patients with pancreatic necrosis in general.

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