LIFE AND SCIENTIFIC CREATIVITY OF ACADEMICIAN A.V. VISHNEVSKY (1874-1948) (TO THE 145TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE SCIENTIST'S BIRTH)

The scientific and practical activity of academician A.V. Vishnevsky is analyzed. Little-known facts from the life of the scientist are highlighted. It is noted that A.V. Vishnevsky was the author of more than 100 scientific papers on clinical surgery, anesthesiology, urology and neurosurgery. The "Kazan" period of the scientist's creative activity is covered. It is shown that a major scientific achievement of A.V. Vishnevsky and his scientific school is the development of local anesthesia by the method of "creeping infiltration", as well as issues of nervous trophy, treatment of wounds and inflammatory processes. It is emphasized that the scientist put forward and theoretically substantiated the original scientific concept of the importance of weak stimulation of nerve receptors for the normalization of trophic and reparative processes and proposed for this purpose extensive oil-balsamic dressings, local anesthesia and novocaine blockade-lumbar, vagosimpatic, sheath, presacral, short novocaine block, etc. These methods were widely used for the treatment of the wounded during the great Patriotic war. The author analyzes the fact that in combination with other nonspecific pathogenetic agents, these techniques were used to treat traumatic shock, obliterating endarteritis, trophic ulcers, burns, frostbite, inflammatory processes, etc.it is Emphasized thatA.V. Vishnevsky was the Chairman of the Surgical society of the Tatar ASSR, the Moscow surgical society, a member of the Board of the all-Union society of surgeons. In memory of him, a bronze medal is embossed, and a bust of academician Alexander Vishnevsky is installed on the Territory of the Instituteof surgery of the USSR Academy of medical Sciences in Moscow.

A.V. Vishnevsky, biography, local anesthesia, method of "creeping infiltration", novocaine block, oil-balsamic bandage, traumatic shock, trophic ulcer