Biomarkers in the diagnosis of sepsis

Introduction. Surgical patients account for almost a third of all cases of sepsis, its treatment means higher costs, longer duration, risk of complications. Biomarkers in case of early diagnosis and can also play a crucial role in assessing the effectiveness of treatment.

The purpose of the study. To study the features of sepsis diagnostics using biomarkers and their effectiveness in surgical practice.

Materials and methods of research. Data were reviewed in PubMed, CochraneLibrary, ScienceDirect, eLIBRARY. The following criteria were applied to exclude the analyzed materials: description of individual clinical cases; books and documents; comparison of treatment results. 116 sources were initially identified and 51 sources were included in the analysis.

Results. Today there are several groups of biomarkers used in this pathology. Consistently elevated CRP and PCT levels correlate with septic complications. But for a reliable interpretation of the results, they should be determined over time. In the group of proinflammatory cytokines, IL-6 is the most commonly used but it is not reliable enough as a criterion and is used to a limited extent in clinical practice. Presepsin is best suited for early diagnosis but its use is limited by high cost of tests and lack of a clearly defined threshold.

Conclusion. Biomarkers are widely used in the early diagnosis of sepsis, predicting the outcome and as an additional criterion for choosing rational antibiotic therapy. However, so far the "ideal" biomarker of sepsis has not been determined, an assessment of their use and the possibility of their combined use are required.

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