EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ENDOSONOGRAPHIC GUIDED FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION PUNCTURE OF FOCAL LESIONS OF THE PANCREAS

Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of endosonography guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) of focal lesions of the pancreas. Assessment of the impact of age, gender, size of the lesion and its localization on informativity of the puncture.
Material and methods: the retrospective study included 244 patients between 2012 and 2020 who underwent EUS-FNA for pancreatic lesions. The factors influencing the information content were determined and their statistical processing was carried out.
Results: 454 morphological studies were performed in 244 patients. Of these, 211 are cytological, 149 are histological, and 94 are immunohistochemical (IHC). The frequency of informative conclusions was higher in the IHC group compared to cytological (p=1.611×10-6) and histological studies (p=3.617×10-5). The information content in the puncture of solid formations was 75.5%, cystic-solid — 80.4%, and cystic — 28.9%. (p=9.393×10-7). Informativity is significantly reduced when EUS signs of background pancreatitis are detected (p=0.0026).
Conclusion: EUS-FNA is an effective and safe method for obtaining material for morphological diagnostics. EUS-FNA of cystic formations is the least informative and is associated with the greatest cases of complications. Age, gender, size of the lesion, and its localization has no effect on informativity of the puncture. Background chronic pancreatitis significantly reduces the informativity of EUS-TAP. 

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