Analysis of the results of endoscopic biliary stenting in patients with mechanical jaundice of tumor genesis

The aim of the study. To analyze the results of endoscopic retrograde stenting of bile ducts in patients with mechanical jaundice of tumor genesis.
Materials and Methods. The results of endoscopic biliary stenting in 64 patients with mechanical jaundice of tumor genesis as palliative care in the period from 2016 to 2022 were analyzed.
Results. In 17 patients (26,6 %) there were moderate intensity pain syndrome. Postmanipulation acute pancreatitis developed in 2 patients (3,1 %). Technical success was achieved in 58 patients (90,6 %). Clinical success was achieved in 89,1 % of cases. 6 patients (9,3 %) underwent antegrade percutaneous transhepatic bile duct drainage. The migration rate was 1.6 % of cases (1 patient). In 3 months after the operation the repeated endoscopic stenting of bile ducts was performed in 14 patients (21,9 %). Plastic stent encrustation was detected in 8 patients (12,5 %). 4 patients (6,2 %) undergoing endoscopic restenting of bile ducts with a metal stent of “stent-on-stent” type against the background of repeated tumor obstruction of the metal stent were performed. The three-month mortality rate in the studied group of patients amounted to 20,3 %.
Conclusion. Application of metal self-expanding stents allows to perform better and longer decompression of bile ducts. Endoscopic retrograde stenting of bile ducts is reasonable in the presence of distal tumor block of bile ducts, and in the presence of proximal tumor block it is more preferable to use the technique of antegrade percutaneous transhepatic drainage of bile ducts.

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