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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mossj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Московский хирургический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Moscow Surgical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-3180</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «ПРОФИЛЬ – 2С»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17238/2072-3180-2025-2-27-33</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mossj-959</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АБДОМИНАЛЬНАЯ ХИРУРГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ABDOMINAL SURGERY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>«Открытый живот» в лечении вторичного перитонита и абдоминального сепсиса: лимитирующие факторы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>"Open abdomen" in the treatment of secondary peritonitis and abdominal sepsis: limiting factors</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1423-4284</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щеголев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchegolev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Щеголев Александр Андреевич – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой госпитальной хирургии Института хирургии </p><p>117513, ул. Островитянова, дом 1, стр. 6, г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shchegolev Alexandr Andreevich – Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Head of the Department of Hospital Surgery </p><p>117513, Ostrovityanova str., 1, build 6, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ashegolev57@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0699-7521</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Товмасян</surname><given-names>Р. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tovmasyan</surname><given-names>R. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Товмасян Рубен Семенович – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры госпитальной хирургии Института хирургии </p><p>117513, ул. Островитянова, дом 1, стр. 6, г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tovmasyan Ruben Semenovich – candidate of Medicine, associate professor of the Department of Hospital Surgery </p><p>117513, Ostrovityanova str., 1, build 6, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tovmasrs@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0392-8280</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркаров</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markarov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маркаров Арнольд Эдуардович – кандидат медицинских наук, главный врач </p><p>105187, ул. Фортунатовская, дом 1, г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Markarov Arnold Eduardovich – candidate of Medicine, Chief physician </p><p>105187, 1 Fortunatovskaya Street, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Markarnold@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8814-9728</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чевокин</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chevokin</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чевокин Александр Юрьевич – кандидат медицинских наук, заместитель главного врача; доцент кафедры госпитальной хирургии Института хирургии </p><p>105187, ул. Фортунатовская, дом 1, г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chevokin Alexandr Yuryevich – candidate of Medicine, Deputy chief physician (surgery); associate professor of the Department of Hospital Surgery </p><p>105187, 1 Fortunatovskaya street, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alex-chev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4688-0122</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильев</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilev</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васильев Максим Вячеславович – кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий хирургическим отделением; доцент кафедры госпитальной хирургии Института хирургии </p><p>105187, ул. Фортунатовская, дом 1, г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasilev Maxim Vyacheslavovich – candidate of Medicine, head of the Surgical department; associate professor of the Department of Hospital Surgery </p><p>105187, 1 Fortunatovskaya street, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maxi1@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7198-2820</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плотников</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Plotnikov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Плотников Владислав Вячеславович – врач-хирург хирургического отделения; ассистент кафедры госпитальной хирургии Института хирургии </p><p>105187, ул. Фортунатовская, дом 1, г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Plotnikov Vladislav Vyacheslavovich – surgeon at the Surgical department; assistant lecturer of the Department of Hospital Surgery </p><p>105187, 1 Fortunatovskaya street, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doctor_plotnikov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4322-4958</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мурадян</surname><given-names>Т. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muradyan</surname><given-names>T. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мурадян Тигран Гагикович – ассистент кафедры госпитальной хирургии Института хирургии </p><p>117513, ул. Островитянова, дом 1, стр. 6, г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Muradyan Tigran Gagikovich – assistant lecturer of the Department of Hospital Surgery </p><p>117513, Ostrovityanova str., 1, build 6, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drmuradyan@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России (Пироговский Университет);&#13;
ГБУЗ ГКБ им. Ф.И. Иноземцева ДЗМ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University;&#13;
GBUZ GKB named after F.I. Inozemtsev DZM</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ ГКБ им. Ф.И. Иноземцева ДЗМ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>GBUZ GKB named after F.I. Inozemtsev DZM</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ ГКБ им. Ф.И. Иноземцева ДЗМ;&#13;
ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России (Пироговский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>GBUZ GKB named after F.I. Inozemtsev DZM;&#13;
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России (Пироговский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Щеголев А.А., Товмасян Р.С., Маркаров А.Э., Чевокин А.Ю., Васильев М.В., Плотников В.В., Мурадян Т.Г., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Щеголев А.А., Товмасян Р.С., Маркаров А.Э., Чевокин А.Ю., Васильев М.В., Плотников В.В., Мурадян Т.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shchegolev A.A., Tovmasyan R.S., Markarov A.E., Chevokin A.Y., Vasilev M.V., Plotnikov V.V., Muradyan T.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mossj.ru/jour/article/view/959">https://www.mossj.ru/jour/article/view/959</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Несмотря на отсутствие исследований с высоким уровнем доказательности относительно эффективности вакуумной лапаростомии при тяжёлых формах вторичного перитонита, в настоящее время в практической хирургии накоплен значительный опыт применения данной хирургической стратегии, а имеющиеся результаты дают возможность проанализировать возможные противопоказания и факторы риска применения данной методики. Цель исследования. Детализировать противопоказания к вакуум-ассистированной лапаростомии при хирургическом лечении вторичного перитонита, осложнённого абдоминальным сепсисом. Материалы и методы исследования. Изучены результаты лечения 84 больных абдоминальным сепсисом, в лечении которых применялись вакуум-ассистированные лапаростомы (ВАЛС). У всех больных абдоминальный сепсис был следствием вторичного перитонита, источником которого были дефекты различных отделов желудочно-кишечного тракта (ЖКТ). У подавляющего большинства больных (85,7 %) на момент стартового хирургического вмешательства был диагностирован септический шок, абсолютное большинство больных (81 %) были оперированы позже 24 часов от момента заболевания. Изучена корреляция результатов лечения в зависимости от исходной локализации источника перитонита. Результаты лечения. Общая летальность в исследовании составила 38 %. В группе больных с локализацией источника перитонита в тонкой кишке летальность составила 52,8 %. В группе больных с источником перитонита в других отделах ЖКТ летальность составила 27 %. Разница летальности в группах была достоверной (р&lt;0,05). Успешность первичного фасциального закрытия (ПФЗ) также достоверно отличалась в группах (31,3 % против 82,5 %, р&lt;0,05). Заключение. Есть основания полагать, что при наличии ушитых зон или участков десерозации тонкой кишки при вторичном перитоните необходимо либо вовсе отказаться от использования ВАЛС, либо использовать редуцированные варианты вакуумных повязок, в которых предусмотрено воздействие отрицательного давления только в пределах лапаротомной раны с изоляцией зоны отрицательного давления от свободной брюшной полости синтетическими протезами, фиксированными к фасциальным краям раны.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Despite the lack of studies with a high level of evidence regarding the effectiveness of VAC-laparostomy in severe forms of secondary peritonitis, significant experience in the application of this surgical strategy has been accumulated in practical surgery, and the accumulated results make it possible to analyze possible contraindications and risk factors for the use of this technique. The purpose of the study. To detail contraindications to vacuum-assisted laparotomy in the surgical treatment of secondary peritonitis complicated by abdominal sepsis. Materials and methods of research. The results of treatment of 84 patients with abdominal sepsis treated with vacuum-assisted laparostomy (VALS) were analyzed. In all patients, abdominal sepsis was the result of secondary peritonitis, the source of which was defects in various parts of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Most patients (85,7 %) were diagnosed with septic shock at the time of initial surgery, and many patients (81 %) underwent surgery later than 24 hours after the onset of the disease. The correlation of treatment results what depending on the initial localization of the source of peritonitis. Treatment results. The overall mortality rate in the study was 38 %. In the group of patients with localization of the source of peritonitis in the small intestine, mortality was 52,8 %. In the group of patients with the source of peritonitis in other parts of the gastrointestinal tract, mortality was 27 %. The difference in mortality in the groups was significant (p&lt;0,05). The success rate of primary fascial closure (PFC) was also significantly different in the groups (31,3 % vs. 82,5 %, p&lt;0,05). Conclusion. There is reason to believe that in the presence of sutured areas or areas of damage to the serous membrane of the small intestine in secondary peritonitis, it is necessary either to completely abandon the use of VALS, or to use reduced versions of vacuum dressings, which provide for the effect of negative pressure only within the laparotomy wound with isolation of the negative pressure zone from the free abdominal cavity with synthetic prostheses fixed to the fascial edges of the wound.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Абдоминальный сепсис</kwd><kwd>вакуум-ассистированная лапаростома</kwd><kwd>«замороженный» живот</kwd><kwd>кишечные свищи</kwd><kwd>«открытый живот»</kwd><kwd>перитонит</kwd><kwd>фасциальное закрытие живота</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>abdominal sepsis</kwd><kwd>VAC-laparostomy</kwd><kwd>frozen abdomen</kwd><kwd>intestinal fistulas</kwd><kwd>open abdomen</kwd><kwd>peritonitis</kwd><kwd>abdominal fascia closure</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coccolini F., Roberts D., Ansaloni L. 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