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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mossj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Московский хирургический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Moscow Surgical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-3180</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «ПРОФИЛЬ – 2С»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17238/2072-3180-2024-1-85-91</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mossj-761</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERARY REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Тотальная неоадъювантная терапия – современная тенденция в лечении местно-распространенного рака прямой кишки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Total Neoadjuvant Therapy is a Current Trend in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6641-7229</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карачун</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karachun</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карачун Алексей Михайлович – докт. мед. наук, профессор, заведующий отделением абдоминальной онкологии</p><p>197758, г. Санкт-Петербург, п. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская д. 68</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Karachun Alexey Mikhailovich – Doct. Med. Sci., professor, head of the Department of Abdominal Oncology</p><p>197758, St. Petersburg, Pesochny, Leningradskaya Street, 68 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.a.karachun@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2642-5440</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самсонов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samsonov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Самсонов Денис Владимирович – канд. мед. наук, доцент, врач-онколог </p><p>197758, г. Санкт-Петербург, п. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская д. 68 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Samsonov Denis Vladimirovich – Cand. Med. Sci., docent, oncologis </p><p>197758, St. Petersburg, Pesochny, Leningradskaya Street, 68 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">desavl@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2024-7425</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Загайнов</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zagaynov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Загайнов Евгений Владимирович – канд. мед. наук, врач-онколог </p><p>197758, г. Санкт-Петербург, п. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская д. 68 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zagaynov Evgeniy Vladimirovich – Cand. Med. Sci., oncologist </p><p>197758, St. Petersburg, Pesochny, Leningradskaya Street, 68 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zagaynov152@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4665-6999</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гришко</surname><given-names>П. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grishko</surname><given-names>P. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гришко Павел Юрьевич – канд. мед. наук, научный сотрудник научного отделения диагностической и интервенционной радиологии</p><p>197758, г. Санкт-Петербург, п. Песочный, ул. Ленинградская д. 68 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grishko Pavel Yurievich – Cand. Med. Sci., researcher, Scientific Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology</p><p>197758, St. Petersburg, Pesochny, Leningradskaya Street, 68 </p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.grishko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии имени Н.Н. Петрова» Минздрава России ; ФГБОУВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology ; I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии имени Н.Н. Петрова» Минздрава России ; ФГБВОУВО «Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова» МО РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology ; St. Petersburg S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии имени Н.Н. Петрова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>85</fpage><lpage>91</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Карачун А.М., Самсонов Д.В., Загайнов Е.В., Гришко П.Ю., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Карачун А.М., Самсонов Д.В., Загайнов Е.В., Гришко П.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Karachun A.M., Samsonov D.V., Zagaynov E.V., Grishko P.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mossj.ru/jour/article/view/761">https://www.mossj.ru/jour/article/view/761</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Лучевая терапия, давно ставшая стандартным элементом неоадъювантного этапа комбинированного лечения местнораспространенного рака прямой кишки, позволила добиться значительного прогресса в профилактике местного рецидива заболевания. Стремление повысить эффективность локального контроля, а также воздействовать на риски системного рецидива привели к развитию концепции тотальной неоадъювантной терапии.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Статья представляет собой обзор современных публикаций, анализирующих итоги применения тотальной неоадъювантной терапии. Ряд выполненных в последнее время рандомизированных клинических исследований продемонстрировал эффективность такого подхода, добившись улучшения безрецидивной и общей выживаемости, уменьшения уровня отдаленного метастазирования рака прямой кишки. При этом не было зарегистрировано негативного влияния неоадъювантной химиотерапии на частоту выполнения радикальной резекции, качество тотальной мезоректумэктомии, структуру послеоперационных осложнений. Похожие результаты отмечены целым рядом опубликованных мета-анализов, посвященных изучению эффективности и безопасности тотальной неоадъювантной терапии.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Комбинация лучевой терапии и системной химиотерапии в предоперационном периоде позволяет надеется на улучшение результатов лечения местно-распространенного рака прямой кишки. Показания к тотальной неоадъювантной терапии, оптимальные режим и кратность циклов химиотерапии к настоящему моменту еще нуждаются в уточнении.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Radiation therapy, which has long been a standard element of the neoadjuvant stage of combined treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer, has made significant progress in preventing local recurrence of the disease. The desire to improve the efficiency of local control, as well as to influence the risks of systemic relapse, led to the development of the concept of total neoadjuvant therapy.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The article is a review of modern publications analyzing the results of the use of total neoadjuvant therapy. A number of recent randomized clinical trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of this approach, achieving an improvement in disease-free and overall survival, and a reduction in the incidence of distant metastasis of rectal cancer. At the same time, no negative impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on the frequency of radical resection, the quality of total mesorectumectomy, or the structure of postoperative complications was recorded. Similar results were noted in a number of published meta-analyses examining the effectiveness and safety of total neoadjuvant therapy.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The combination of radiation therapy and systemic chemotherapy in the preoperative period offers hope for improving the results of treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer. Indications for total neoadjuvant therapy, the optimal regimen and frequency of chemotherapy cycles currently still need to be clarified.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак прямой кишки</kwd><kwd>тотальная неоадъювантная терапия</kwd><kwd>лучевая терапия</kwd><kwd>химиотерапия</kwd><kwd>регресс опухоли</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rectal cancer</kwd><kwd>total neoadjuvant therapy</kwd><kwd>radiotherapy</kwd><kwd>chemotherapy</kwd><kwd>tumor regression</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boublikova L., Novakova A., Simsa J., Lohynska R. Total neoadjuvant therapy in rectal cancer: the evidence and expectations. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol., 2023, № 192, рр. 104196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104196</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boublikova L., Novakova A., Simsa J., Lohynska R. 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