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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mossj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Московский хирургический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Moscow Surgical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-3180</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «ПРОФИЛЬ – 2С»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17238/2072-3180-2021-4-72-79</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mossj-516</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERARY REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Рубцы как атавизмы раневого процесса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Scars as atavisms of the wound process</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5817-0702</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Праздников</surname><given-names>Э. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prazdnikov</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор медицинских наук, профессор, зав.каф. оперативной хирургии и топографической анатомии</p><p>Россия, 127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1</p><p>тел.: +7 985 793-60-08</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of Department operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy </p><p>Russia, 127473, Moscow, st. Delegatskaya, 20, building 1</p><p>tel.: +7 985 793-60-08 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">enp1964@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3480-6147</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евсюкова</surname><given-names>З. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evsyukova</surname><given-names>Z. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> аспирант кафедры оперативной хирургии и топографической анатомии</p><p>Россия, 127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1</p><p>тел. +7 926-375-70-00</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> graduate student of the department operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy </p><p>Russia, 127473, Moscow, st. Delegatskaya, 20, building 1</p><p>Tel. +7 926-375-70-00 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zoya.evsyukova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7127-4453</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овчаров</surname><given-names>С. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovcharov</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, зав. учебной частью кафедры оперативной хирургии и топографической анатомии </p><p>Россия, 127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1</p><p>Тел.: +7 903 759-50-23  </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Academic Section of the Department operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy </p><p>Russia,127473, Moscow, st. Delegatskaya, 20, building 1</p><p>Tel. +7 903 759-50-23 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">owcharow@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of the Higher Education “A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>79</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Праздников Э.Н., Евсюкова З.А., Овчаров С.Э., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Праздников Э.Н., Евсюкова З.А., Овчаров С.Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Prazdnikov E.N., Evsyukova Z.A., Ovcharov S.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mossj.ru/jour/article/view/516">https://www.mossj.ru/jour/article/view/516</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. На протяжение всего периода развития медицины рубцам после хирургических вмешательств либо не уделялось, либо уделялось совсем незначительное внимание, и только в несколько последних десятилетий ученые активно изучают процессы, которые задействованы в формировании рубцов и безрубцовом заживлении ран. Такой интерес вызван тем, что рубцы стали фактором психо-эмоциональной дезадаптации человека, снижая качество его жизни, а нередко они сами по себе являются заболеванием, доставляющим физический дискомфорт и приводящим к функциональным нарушениям.Основная часть. Большинство поверхностных ран не оставляет значительных рубцов, но при глубоких повреждениях всегда возникают гипертрофические рубцы и келоиды, а рубцы, которые формируются вследствие ожогов, требуют сложных реконструктивных многоэтапных операций с целью облегчения жизни больного, но даже в данном случае речь об эстетике не идёт. Согласно данным ВОЗ, ежегодно около 11 миллионов ожоговых больных нуждаются в срочной медицинской помощи.На основании обзора отечественных и зарубежных статей, посвящённых проблемам заживления и образования рубцов, а также точек воздействия на раневой процесс с целью их минимизации, нами подготовлен данный обзор литературы, который обобщает, на наш взгляд, значимые открытия на пути к решению такой глобальной медико-социальной проблемы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Throughout the entire period of development of medicine, scars after surgical interventions were either not paid or very little attention was paid, and only in the last few decades have scientists been actively studying the processes involved in the formation of scars and scarless wound healing. This interest is due to the fact that scars have become a factor in a person's psycho-emotional maladjustment, reducing the quality of his life, and often they themselves are a disease that causes physical discomfort and leads to functional disorders.The main part. Most superficial wounds do not leave significant scars, but with deep injuries, hypertrophic scars and keloids always appear, and scars that form as a result of burns require complex reconstructive multi-stage operations in order to facilitate the patient's life, but even in this case, we are not talking about aesthetics. According to the WHO, about 11 million burn patients require urgent medical attention every year.Based on a review of domestic and foreign articles devoted to the problems of healing and scar formation, as well as points of influence on the wound process in order to minimize them, we have prepared this literature review, which summarizes, in our opinion, significant discoveries on the way to solving such a global medical social problem.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>раневой процесс</kwd><kwd>безрубцовое заживление ран</kwd><kwd>келоиды</kwd><kwd>рубцы</kwd><kwd>регенерация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>wound process</kwd><kwd>scarless wound healing</kwd><kwd>keloids</kwd><kwd>scars</kwd><kwd>regeneration</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Bakker E., van der Putten M.A.M., Heymans M.W., Spiekstra S.W., Waaijman T., Butzelaar L., Negenborn V.L., Beekman V.K., Akpinar E.O., Rustemeyer T., Niessen F.B., Gibbs S. 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