mossjМосковский хирургический журналMoscow Surgical Journal2072-3180ООО «ПРОФИЛЬ – 2С»10.17238/2072-3180-2021-3-57-67mossj-500Research ArticleЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫLITERARY REVIEWSКритическая ишемия нижних конечностей: современные аспекты диагностики и леченияCritical ischemia of the lower extremities: modern aspects of diagnosis and treatmenthttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5978-7800АбушовН. С.AbushovN. S.

Абушов Насраддин Садраддин оглы – доктор медицинскихнаук, профессор, руководитель отделения хирургии сосудов

Баку,AZ1122, ул. Шариф-заде, 196

Abushov Nasraddin Sadraddin – Doctor of Medical Sciences,Professor, Head of the Department of Vascular Surgery

Baku, AZ1122, Sharif-zade str., 196

abushov1950@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3254-0779ЗейналоваЗ. Г.ZeynalovaG. M.

Зейналова Гамар Мамедали кызы – кандидат медицинскихнаук, старший научный сотрудник отделения хирургии сосудов

Баку, AZ1122, ул. Шариф-заде, 196

Zeynalova Gamar Mammadali – Candidate of Medical Sciences,Star. Scientific. Cooperation. Department of Vascular Surgery

Baku, AZ1122, Sharif-zade str., 196

gamar1949@yandex.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6625-2698КосаевДж. В.KosaevJ. V.

Косаев Джамаладдин Вахидоглы – кандидат медицинскихнаук, главный научный сотрудник отделения хирургии сосудов

Баку, AZ1122, ул. Шариф-заде, 196, Азербайджан

Kosaev Jamaladdin Vahid – candidate of medical sciences, heads.S.m. of the Department of Vascular Surgery.

Baku, AZ1122, Sharif-zade str., 196

jvkosayev@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9341-8478АхмедовМ. Б.AhmadovM. B.

Ахмедов Мазахир Билал оглы – зав. лаборатории экстракорпоральной детоксикации

Баку, AZ1122, ул. Шариф-заде, 196

Ahmadov Mazahir Bilal – Head of Extracorporeal Detoxification Laboratory

Baku, AZ1122, Sharif-zade str., 196

m.b.alisoy@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9577-0723НамазовИ. Л.NamazovI. L.

Намазов Ильгар Лятиф оглы – к. м. н., научный сотрудникотделения хирургии сосудов

Баку, AZ1122, ул. Шариф-заде, 196,

Namazov Ilgar Latif – candidate of medical sciences, Nauch. Cooperation. Department of Vascular Surgery

Baku, AZ1122, Sharif-zade str., 196

ilnamazov@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5011-1460ГулиевР. А.GuliyevR. A.

Гулиев Расим Ариф оглы – к. м. н, зав. отделением хирургии сосудов

Баку, AZ1122, ул. Шариф-заде, 196

Guliyev Rasim Arif – Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of theDepartment of Vascular Surgery

Baku, AZ1122, Sharif-zade str., 196

dr.rasimguliyev@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7916-4301АлиевЭ. Н.AliyevE. N.

Алиев Эльчин Нахчыван оглы – к. м. н., старший научныйсотрудник отделения хирургии сосудов

Баку, AZ1122, ул. Шарифзаде, 196

Aliyev Elchin Nakhchivan – candidate of medical sciences, Star.Scientific. Cooperation. Department of Vascular Surgery

AZ112Sharifzade str., 196

elcin010463@gmail.comАбушоваГ. Н.AbushovaG. N.

Абушова Гюльнур Насраддин кызы – врач-ординатор,

Баку, AZ1122, ул. Шариф-заде, 196

Abushova Gulnur Nasraddin – Resident physician

Baku, AZ1122, Sharif-zade str., 196

gulnur.abushova1987@mail.ruНаучный Центр хирургии им. М.А. ТопчибашеваАзербайджанScientific Center of Surgery named after Topchubashov M.A.Azerbaijan202125122021035767Copyright © Абушов Н.С., Зейналова З.Г., Косаев Д.В., Ахмедов М.Б., Намазов И.Л., Гулиев Р.А., Алиев Э.Н., Абушова Г.Н., 20212021Абушов Н.С., Зейналова З.Г., Косаев Д.В., Ахмедов М.Б., Намазов И.Л., Гулиев Р.А., Алиев Э.Н., Абушова Г.Н.Abushov N.S., Zeynalova G.M., Kosaev J.V., Ahmadov M.B., Namazov I.L., Guliyev R.A., Aliyev E.N., Abushova G.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.mossj.ru/jour/article/view/500

Критическая ишемия конечности (КИК) является мaнифестацией заболеваний периферических артерий (ЗПА) в виде типичной хронической ишемической боли в покое или ишемических повреждений кожи в виде язвы или гангрены, объективно подтвержденными окклюзивными заболеваниями артерий. КИК имеет большой риск высоких (на уровне и выше лодыжки) ампутаций, сердечно-сосудистых событий и смерти. Ультразвуковая допплерография, ультразвуковое дуплексное сканирование, неинвазивная (МРА и КТА) ангиография помогают определить целесообразность и тактику артериальной реваскуляризации. Реконструктивно-восстановительные операции в виде открытых и гибридных операций являются наиболее успешными при применении аутовены хорошего качества диаметром 3,0-3,5 мм. Баллонная ангиопластика и стентирование составляют основу эндоваскулярных методов, стенты и баллоны с лекарственным покрытием обеспечивают низкую частоту повторных реваскуляризаций. У больных с дистальным поражением артерий при невозможности проведение прямой реваскуляризации применяются непрямые методы. Медикаментозное лечение до выполнения сосудистой операции, периоперативном периоде и долгосрочно после операции направлено на снижение факторов риска атеросклероза и облитерирующего тромбангиита, способствует заживлению ран, уменьшает частоту сердечно-сосудистых событий и смерти. Приведены данные о состоянии генной и клеточной терапии в подгруппе больных с КИК, не подходящих для реваскуляризации.

Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is a manifestation of peripheral artery disease (PDA) in patients with typical chronic ischemic resting pain or ischemic skin damage in the form of ulcers or gangrene, objectively confirmed by occlusive artery diseases. CLI has a high risk of painful (at and above the ankle) amputations, cardiovascular events and death. Ultrasound Doppler, ultrasound duplex scanning, non-invasive (MRA and CTA) angiography help determine the appropriateness and tactics for arterial revascularization. Reconstructive and reconstructive operations in the form of open and hybrid operations are the most successful when applying good quality autovena with a diameter of 3.0-3.5 mm. Balloon angioplasty and stenting form the basis of endovascular methods, drug-coated stents and drug-coated balloons provide a low frequency of repeated revascularizations. In patients with distal lesions of the arteries, if it is impossible to conduct direct revascularization, indirect methods of revascularization are used. Drug treatment before vascular surgery, perioperative period and long-term after surgery is aimed at risk factors for atherosclerosis and thromboangiitis obliteration, promotes wound healing, reduces the frequency of cardiovascular events and death. The state of the gene and cell therapy for the treatment in subset of patients with CLI not eligible for revascularization is reported

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.