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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mossj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Московский хирургический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Moscow Surgical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-3180</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «ПРОФИЛЬ – 2С»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17238/2072-3180-2026-27-34</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mossj-1281</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АБДОМИНАЛЬНАЯ ХИРУРГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ABDOMINAL SURGERY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Срочная лапароскопическая холецистэктомия или чрескожная холецистостомия при остром калькулёзном холецистите II–III степени тяжести: критерии выбора и результаты сравнительного когортного исследования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy or percutaneous cholecystostomy for grade II–III acute calculous cholecystitis: selection criteria and outcomes of a comparative cohort study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8890-4669</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мударисов</surname><given-names>Р. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mudarisov</surname><given-names>R. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мударисов Ринат Рифкатович – к.м.н., доцент, заместитель главного врача</p><p>123182, Россия, Москва, ул. Пехотная, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mudarisov Rinat Rifkatovich – Ph.D., Associate Professor, Head of Surgery</p><p>123182, Russia, Moscow, Pekhotnaya Street, house 3</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">docmr@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1412-5616</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баглаенко</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baglaenko</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баглаенко Максим Викторович – к.м.н., врач-хирург</p><p>123182, Россия, Москва, ул. Пехотная, д. 3 </p><p>телефон +79168843516</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Baglaenko Maxim Viktorovich – Ph.D., Surgeon</p><p>123182, Russia, Moscow, Pekhotnaya Street, house 3</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mxdoc@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8697-2841</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вторенко</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vtorenko</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вторенко Владимир Иванович – д.м.н., президент</p><p>123182, Россия, Москва, ул. Пехотная, д. 3 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vtorenko Vladimir Ivanovich – MD, President of the Hospital</p><p>123182, Russia, Moscow, Pekhotnaya Street, house 3</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">VtorenkoVI@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Родников</surname><given-names>С. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rodnikov</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Родников Сергей Евгеньевич – к.м.н., заведующийхирургическим отделением № 1</p><p>123182, Россия, Москва, ул. Пехотная, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rodnikov Sergey Evgenievich – Ph.D., Head of Surgical Department No. 1</p><p>123182, Russia, Moscow, Pekhotnaya Street, house 3</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4361-3984</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Попов Артем Александрович – врач-хирург</p><p>123182, Россия, Москва, ул. Пехотная, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Popov Artem Alexandrovich – Surgeon</p><p>123182, Russia, Moscow, Pekhotnaya Street, house 3</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.drep_popov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6119-2848</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крючков</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kryuchkov</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крючков Дмитрий Сергеевич – врач-хирург</p><p>123182, Россия, Москва, ул. Пехотная, д. 3 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kryuchkov Dmitry Sergeevich – Surgeon</p><p>123182, Russia, Moscow, Pekhotnaya Street, house 3</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kryuchtop@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8330-6931</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джоджуа</surname><given-names>Д. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzhodzhua</surname><given-names>D. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Джоджуа Дато Елгуджаевич – врач-хирург</p><p>123182, Россия, Москва, ул. Пехотная, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dzhodzhua Dato Elgudjaevich – Surgeon</p><p>123182, Russia, Moscow, Pekhotnaya Street, house 3</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Dato_1511@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3783-3412</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паршин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parshin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Паршин Василий Владимирович – заведующий отделением лучевой диагностики</p><p>123182, Россия, Москва, ул. Пехотная, д. 3 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Parshin Vasily Vladimirovich – Head of the Department of Radiology</p><p>123182, Russia, Moscow, Pekhotnaya Street, house 3</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ParshinVV1@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «МКНИЦ Больница 52 ДЗМ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Clinical Research Center City Hospital no 52</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title>Октябрь. Спецвыпуск</issue-title><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>34</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мударисов Р.Р., Баглаенко М.В., Вторенко В.И., Родников С.Е., Попов А.А., Крючков Д.С., Джоджуа Д.Е., Паршин В.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мударисов Р.Р., Баглаенко М.В., Вторенко В.И., Родников С.Е., Попов А.А., Крючков Д.С., Джоджуа Д.Е., Паршин В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mudarisov R.R., Baglaenko M.V., Vtorenko V.I., Rodnikov S.E., Popov A.A., Kryuchkov D.S., Dzhodzhua D.E., Parshin V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mossj.ru/jour/article/view/1281">https://www.mossj.ru/jour/article/view/1281</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Выбор между срочной лапароскопической холецистэктомией (ЛХЭ) и чрескожной холецистостомией (ЧХС) при остром калькулёзном холецистите II–III степени тяжести остаётся дискуссионным, особенно у пациентов высокого хирургического риска.Цель исследования: сравнить ближайшие результаты срочной лапароскопической холецистэктомии и первичной чрескожной холецистостомии с оценкой 90-дневного течения лечебной стратегии.Материалы и методы. Проведено одноцентровое ретроспективное когортное исследование 166 пациентов: ЧХС выполнена 71 пациенту, срочная ЛХЭ – 95 пациентам. Анализировали исходные клинико-лабораторные характеристики, данные визуализации, сроки вмешательства, длительность госпитализации, технические параметры операции, осложнения, повторные вмешательства, повторные госпитализации и основную комбинированную конечную точку.Результаты. Пациенты группы с ЧХС были достоверно старше, с высоким уровнем коморбидности и имели более высокий уровень C-реактивного белка: 161,2 [96,9; 240,0] против 40,3 [7,8; 148,9] мг/л, p&lt;0,001. Комбинированная конечная точка зарегистрирована у 34/71 (47,9 %) и 10/95 (10,5 %) пациентов, p&lt;0,001. Повторные незапланированные оперативные вмешательства чаще выполнялись после ЧХС: 42,3 % против 6,3 %, p&lt;0,001. Отсроченная холецистэктомия после ЧХС сопровождалась большей длительностью операции, частотой конверсии и осложнений: 24,0 % против 7,4 %, p=0,028.Заключение. ЧХС эффективна для первичной стабилизации, однако не всегда завершает лечебную стратегию. У потенциально операбельных пациентов она должна рассматриваться как первый этап лечения с последующей переоценкой возможности холецистэктомии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. The choice between urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC) in grade II–III acute calculous cholecystitis remains controversial, especially in high-risk surgical patients.The aim of the study: to compare the early results of urgent LC and primary PC with analysis of the 90-day treatment pathway.Materials and methods. This single-centre retrospective cohort study included 166 patients: 71 underwent PC and 95 underwent urgent LC. Baseline clinical and laboratory characteristics, imaging findings, timing of intervention, hospital stay, operative parameters, complications, repeated interventions, readmissions and the primary composite endpoint were analysed.Results. Patients in the PC group were older, had a higher comorbidity burden and higher C-reactive protein levels: 161,2 [96,9; 240,0] versus 40,3 [7,8; 148,9] mg/L, p&lt;0,001. The primary composite endpoint occurred in 34/71 (47,9 %) and 10/95 (10,5 %) patients, respectively, p&lt;0,001. Repeated interventions were more frequent after PC: 42,3 % versus 6,3 %, p&lt;0,001. Delayed cholecystectomy after PC was associated with longer operative time, higher conversion rate and more complications: 24,0 % versus 7,4 %, p=0,028.Conclusion. PC is effective for initial stabilization but does not always complete the treatment pathway. In potentially operable patients, PC should be considered the first treatment stage followed by reassessment of cholecystectomy feasibility.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острый калькулёзный холецистит</kwd><kwd>Tokyo Guidelines</kwd><kwd>лапароскопическая холецистэктомия</kwd><kwd>чрескожная холецистостомия</kwd><kwd>пациенты высокого риска</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute calculous cholecystitis</kwd><kwd>Tokyo Guidelines</kwd><kwd>laparoscopic cholecystectomy</kwd><kwd>percutaneous cholecystostomy</kwd><kwd>high-risk patients</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yokoe M., Hata J., Takada T., Strasberg S.M., Asbun H.J., Wakabayashi G., et al. Tokyo Guidelines 2018: diagnostic criteria and severity grading of acute cholecystitis. 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