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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mossj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Московский хирургический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Moscow Surgical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-3180</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «ПРОФИЛЬ – 2С»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17238/2072-3180-2026-2-71-77</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mossj-1189</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АБДОМИНАЛЬНАЯ ХИРУРГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ABDOMINAL SURGERY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Послеоперационные троакарные грыжи: факторы риска и методы профилактики</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Port site hernias: risk factors and prevention methods</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3919-8435</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горский</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorsky</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горский Виктор Александрович – д.м.н., профессор, профессор кафедры экспериментальной хирургии РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова; научный сотрудник отделения хирургии НКЦ 2 РНЦХ.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1, стр. 7; 119991, Москва, Абрикосовский переулок, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor A. Gorsky – MD, Professor, Professor of the Department of Experimental Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Researcher at the Department of Surgery of the NCC 2 of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, SCC № 2.</p><p>117997, Moscow, Ostrovityanova str., 1, building 7.; 119991, Moscow, Abrikosovsky Lane, 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gorviks@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5108-1400</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Армашов</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Armashov</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Армашов Вадим Петрович – к.м.н., доцент кафедры экспериментальной хирургии РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1, стр. 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim P. Armashov – PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Experimental Surgery, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University.</p><p>117997, Moscow, Ostrovityanova str., 1, building 7</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">armashovvp@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1710-4055</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шемятовский</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shemyatovsky</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шемятовский Кирилл Александрович – к.м.н., врач отделения хирургии РНЦХ им. Б.В. Петровского, НКЦ № 2.</p><p>119991, Москва, Абрикосовский переулок, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill A. Shemyatovsky – PhD, doctor of the department of surgery, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery.</p><p>119991, Moscow, Abrikosovsky Lane, 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kiroll@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0903-9329</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глушков</surname><given-names>П. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Glushkov</surname><given-names>P. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Глушков Павел Сергеевич – д.м.н., врач отделения хирургии НКЦ 2 РНЦХ.</p><p>119991, Москва, Абрикосовский переулок, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel S. Glushkov – MD, doctor of the Department of Surgery, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery.</p><p>119991, Moscow, Abrikosovsky Lane, 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">paulgl@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7081-7911</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Азимов</surname><given-names>Р. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Azimov</surname><given-names>R. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Азимов Рустам Хасанович – д.м.н., заведующий отделением хирургии НКЦ № 2 РНЦХб.</p><p>119991, Москва, Абрикосовский переулок, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rustam Kh. Azimov – MD, Head of the Department of Surgery, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Russian Scientific Center for Surgery.</p><p>119991, Moscow, Abrikosovsky Lane, 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doc_rustam@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3070-5587</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Туснолобова</surname><given-names>С. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tusnolobova</surname><given-names>S. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Туснолобова Светлана Денисовна – врач отделения хирургии НКЦ 2 РНЦХ.</p><p>119991, Москва, Абрикосовский переулок, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana D. Tusnolobova – doctor in the Department of Surgery at the Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery.</p><p>119991, Moscow, Abrikosovsky Lane, 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stusnolobova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0039-3273</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Майорова</surname><given-names>Ю. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mayorova</surname><given-names>Yu. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Майорова Юлия Борисовна – д.м.н., доцент кафедры экспериментальной хирургии РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1, стр. 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia B. Mayorova – MD, Associate Professor of the Department of Experimental Surgery, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University.</p><p>117997, Moscow, Ostrovityanova str., 1, building 7</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ybmayorova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБАУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России; ФГБНУ «Российский научный центр хирургии им. академика Б.В. Петровского, НКЦ № 2»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, SCC № 2</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБАУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Российский научный центр хирургии им. академика Б.В. Петровского, НКЦ № 2»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, SCC № 2</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>71</fpage><lpage>77</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Горский В.А., Армашов В.П., Шемятовский К.А., Глушков П.С., Азимов Р.Х., Туснолобова С.Д., Майорова Ю.Б., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горский В.А., Армашов В.П., Шемятовский К.А., Глушков П.С., Азимов Р.Х., Туснолобова С.Д., Майорова Ю.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gorsky V.A., Armashov V.P., Shemyatovsky K.A., Glushkov P.S., Azimov R.K., Tusnolobova S.D., Mayorova Y.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mossj.ru/jour/article/view/1189">https://www.mossj.ru/jour/article/view/1189</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Широкое использование лапароскопических технологий привело к увеличению количества послеоперационных троакарных грыж. По данным различных исследований частота их возникновения может доходить до 40%. Являясь недооцененной проблемой, троакарные грыжи не только снижают качество жизни пациентов, но и требуют планового, а порой и экстренного хирургического лечения.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить частоту возникновения послеоперационных троакарных грыж (ПТГ), выявить основные факторы риска и определить эффективность различных методов ушивания троакарных ран на основе анализа литературы и собственного клинического опыта.</p><p>Материалы и методы исследования. Работа состоит из нескольких этапов: 1 этап – ретроспективный анализ 34 пациентов с троакарными грыжами после лапароскопической холецистэктомии (ЛХЭ) и проспективное рандомизированное исследование 100 больных острым калькулезным холециститом, которым выполняли ушивание либо только апоневроза (n=50), либо всех слоев с помощью устройства EndoClose (n=50); 2 этап – многоцентровое нерандомизированное исследование, включавшее ретроспективный анализ 131 пациента с послеоперационными вентральными грыжами и проспективное наблюдение 134 больных после различных лапароскопических вмешательств с ушиванием ран через все слои.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования. Частота ПТГ грыж в ретроспективной группе составила 5,6 % (34 случая), в более поздней когорте – 15,27 % (20 из 131). Статистически значимыми факторами риска оказались возраст старше 60 лет (p=0,011; r=0,82), ожирение (ИМТ&gt;30 кг/м², p=0,023; r=0,73), дисплазия соединительной ткани (p=0,037; r=0,56) и нагноение послеоперационной раны (p=0,042; r=0,64). В проспективном исследовании грыжи развились у 5 пациентов (10 %) при ушивании только апоневроза, тогда как в группе с ушиванием всех слоев под контролем лапароскопа грыж не зарегистрировано (p=0,028). При систематическом использовании устройств EndoClose или Berci частота грыж в отдаленном периоде (3 года) не превысила 1,49 % (2 из 134).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. ПТГ остаются актуальным осложнением лапароскопической хирургии. Их развитию способствуют как общие (возраст, ожирение, дисплазия соединительной ткани), так и местные факторы (инфекция, техника ушивания). Ушивание троакарных ран через все слои с интраабдоминальным визуальным контролем с использованием специальных устройств достоверно снижает риск грыжеобразования и должно рассматриваться как стандарт профилактики.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The widespread use of laparoscopic surgery has led to an increase in the incidence of port site hernias (PSH). The incidence of PSH can reach 40%, according to various studies. PSH not only reduce patients' quality of life but also require planned and sometimes emergency surgical treatment.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim of the study</title><p>Aim of the study: To assess the incidence of PSH, identify the main risk factors, and determine the effectiveness of various trocar wound closure methods based on a literature review and our own clinical experience.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study consisted of several stages: Stage 1 was a retrospective analysis of 34 patients with trocar hernias after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and a prospective randomized study of 100 patients with acute calculous cholecystitis who underwent closure of either the aponeurosis alone (n=50) or all layers using the EndoClose device (n=50). Stage 2 was a multicenter, non-randomized study that included a retrospective analysis of 131 patients with postoperative ventral hernias and a prospective follow-up of 134 patients after various laparoscopic procedures with wound closure through all layers.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The incidence of PSH in the retrospective group was 5,6 % (34 cases), while in the later cohort it was 15,27 % (20 of 131). Statistically significant risk factors included age over 60 years (p=0,011; r=0,82), obesity (BMI&gt;30 kg/m², p=0,023; r=0,73), connective tissue dysplasia (p=0,037; r=0,56), and postoperative wound suppuration (p=0,042; r=0,64). In a prospective study, hernias developed in 5 patients (10 %) with laparoscopic-guided closure of only the aponeurosis, whereas no hernias were recorded in the group with laparoscopic-guided closure of all layers (p=0,028). With the EndoClose or Berci devices, the hernia incidence in the long-term period (3 years) did not exceed 1,49 % (2 of 134).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. PSH remains a significant complication of laparoscopic surgery. Their development is facilitated by both general factors (age, obesity, connective tissue dysplasia) and local factors (infection, suturing technique). Suturing trocar wounds through all layers with intra-abdominal visual control using specialized devices significantly reduces the risk of hernia formation and should be considered the standard of care.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>послеоперационная троакарная грыжа</kwd><kwd>лапароскопия</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>ушивание троакарных ран</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>port site hernia</kwd><kwd>laparoscopy</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>suturing of trocar wounds</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tonouchi H., Ohmori Y., Kobayashi M., Kusunoki M. Trocar site hernia. Arch Surg., 2004, no 139(11), pp. 1248–1256. https://doi.org/10.1001/archsurg.139.11.1248</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tonouchi H., Ohmori Y., Kobayashi M., Kusunoki M. Trocar site hernia. 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