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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mossj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Московский хирургический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Moscow Surgical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-3180</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «ПРОФИЛЬ – 2С»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17238/2072-3180-2025-4-102-113</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mossj-1092</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВОЕННО-ПОЛЕВАЯ ХИРУРГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MILITARY FIELD SURGERY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Лапаростомия при боевой абдоминальной травме. критерии возможности и оптимальные сроки закрытия лапаростомы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Laparostomy for combat abdominal trauma. criteria for the possibility and optimal timing of laparostomy closure</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3102-9626</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евсеев</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evseev</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евсеев Максим Александрович – д.м.н., профессор, врач-хирург, заместитель начальника по науке ResearcherID (IRID): 623876621 </p><p>143420, г. Красногорск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evseev Maxim Alexandrovich – MD, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Deputy Head (for Research) </p><p>143420, Krasnogorsk, Moscow region, Novy settlement</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0457-6349</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ухов</surname><given-names>Ф. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ukhov</surname><given-names>F. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ухов Филипп Сергеевич – старший ординатор отделения неотложной хирургии AuthorID: 1257086 </p><p>143420, г. Красногорск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ukhov Filipp Sergeevich – MD, doctor in the department of emergency surgery AuthorID: 1257086 </p><p>143420, Krasnogorsk, Moscow region, Novy settlement</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">filippuhov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филиппов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Filippov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Филиппов Александр Викторович – к.м.н., главный хирург AuthorID: 238945</p><p>143420, г. Красногорск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Filippov Aleksandr Victorovich — MD, PhD, main surgeon AuthorID: 238945 </p><p>143420, Krasnogorsk, Moscow region, Novy settlement </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2221-2026</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пархоменко</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parkhomenko</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пархоменко Сергей Александрович – начальник отделения неотложной хирургии </p><p>143420, г. Красногорск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Parkhomenko Sergey Alexandrovich – MD, chief of the department of emergency surgery </p><p>143420, Krasnogorsk, Moscow region, Novy settlement</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4017-4502</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тишакова</surname><given-names>В. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tishakova</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тишакова Виктория Эдуардовна – старший ординатор хирургического отделения </p><p>143420, г. Красногорск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tishakova Victoria Eduardovna – MD, PhD, doctor in the department of emergency surgery </p><p>143420, Krasnogorsk, Moscow region, Novy settlement</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8676-0714</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тюкалов</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyukalov</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тюкалов Юрий Александрович – врач-хирург отделения неотложной хирургии </p><p>143420, г. Красногорск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tyukalov Yuriy Aleksandrovich – MD, doctor in the department of emergency surgery </p><p>143420, Krasnogorsk, Moscow region, Novy settlement</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фомин</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fomin</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фомин Владимир Сергеевич – врач, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры хирургических болезней и клинической ангиологии </p><p>ул. Долгоруковская, д. 4, г. Москва, 127006</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fomin Vladimir Sergeevich – Doctor, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Surgical Diseases and Clinical Angiology </p><p>Dolgorukovskaya str., 4, Moscow, 127006</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">wlfomin83@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр новых медицинских технологий – Центральный военный клинический госпиталь имени А.А. Вишневского» Минобороны России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FGFI «National Medical Research Center of High Medical Technologies — The Vishnevsky Central Military Clinical Hospital» of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (FGFI «NMRC HMT named after A.A. Vishnevsky» of the Russian Ministry of Defense)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FGBOU HE "Russian University of Medicine" of the Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>102</fpage><lpage>113</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Евсеев М.А., Ухов Ф.С., Филиппов А.В., Пархоменко С.А., Тишакова В.Э., Тюкалов Ю.А., Фомин В.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Евсеев М.А., Ухов Ф.С., Филиппов А.В., Пархоменко С.А., Тишакова В.Э., Тюкалов Ю.А., Фомин В.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Evseev M.A., Ukhov F.S., Filippov A.V., Parkhomenko S.A., Tishakova V.E., Tyukalov Y.A., Fomin V.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mossj.ru/jour/article/view/1092">https://www.mossj.ru/jour/article/view/1092</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Статья посвящена анализу применения лапаростомии у пациентов с боевой абдоминальной травмой (БАТ) и определению критериев, сроков и методов её закрытия. При мультифакторном ретроспективном анализе данных 304 пациентов со сформированной на этапах медицинской эвакуации лапаростомой установлено, что сроки и метод закрытия лапаростомы зависят от исходной тяжести травмы, эффективности программных санаций и выбора технологии временного закрытия брюшной полости. Материалы и методы. Проведен ретроспективный мультифакторный анализ первичной медицинской документации выборки из 304 пациентов, госпитализированных в ФГБУ «НМИЦ ВМТ им. А.А. Вишневского» Минобороны России в период 2022–2024 гг. включительно с лапаростомой, сформированной в ходе операции по поводу БАТ на этапах медицинской эвакуации. Результаты исследования. При сопоставлении средних показателей тяжести состояния пациентов 1 и 2 клинических групп на момент госпитализации с этапов медицинской эвакуации в ФГБУ «НМИЦ ВМТ им. А.А. Вишневского» Минобороны России были выявлены достоверные различия (p &lt; 0,05) данных показателей по всем применяемым в исследовании шкалам Оптимальным сроком для первично-фасциального закрытия лапаростомы является период 7–8 суток после первичной операции. Контроль источника инфекции и адекватная системная антибактериальная терапия делают возможным завершение программы открытого ведения закрытием лапаростомы. Закрытие лапаростомы в более поздние сроки ассоциируется с увеличением риска развития интраабдоминальных и раневых осложнений. Первично-фасциальное закрытие лапаростомы не может быть выполнено при наличии кишечного свища, массивного спаечного процесса (Bjork &gt; 2b), обширного дефекта брюшной стенки, интраабдоминальной гипертензии; при данных обстоятельствах закрытие лапаростомы производится наложением кожных швов. Обсуждение. Формирование лапаростомы с проведением последующих санаций брюшной полости на этапах медицинской эвакуации в настоящее время является общепринятой стратегией лечения пациентов с БАТ. Трансформация критериев возможности завершения программы этапных санаций и первично-фасциального закрытия лапаростомы в алгоритмы хирургической тактики при БАТ является предметом дальнейших исследований. Заключение. Проведенное исследование иллюстрирует тот факт, что сроки и технология завершения программы этапных санаций при лапаростомии зависят от исходной тяжести БАТ, адекватности контроля интраабдоминального инфекционного процесса и выбора метода временного закрытия брюшной полости.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. The article is devoted to the analysis of the use of laparostomy in patients with combat abdominal trauma (BAT) and the definition of criteria, timing and methods of its closure. A multifactorial retrospective analysis of the data of 304 patients with laparostomy formed at the stages of medical evacuation revealed that the timing and method of laparostomy closure depend on the initial severity of the injury, the effectiveness of programmatic sanitation and the choice of technology for temporary closure of the abdominal cavity. Materials and methods. A retrospective multifactorial analysis of the primary medical documentation of a sample of 304 patients hospitalized at the Vishnevsky National Research Medical Center of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation in the period 2022–2024 inclusive with laparostoma formed during surgery for BAT at the stages of medical evacuation was carried out.The results of the study. When comparing the average severity of the condition of patients in clinical groups 1 and 2 at the time of hospitalization from the stages of medical evacuation to the Vishnevsky National Research Medical Center of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, significant differences (p &lt; 0,05) in these indicators were revealed for all scales used in the study. The optimal period for primary fascial closure of laparostomy is the period 7–8 days after the initial operation. Control of the source of infection and adequate systemic antibacterial therapy make it possible to complete the open management program by closing the laparostome. Laparostomy closure at a later date is associated with an increased risk of intra-abdominal and wound complications. Primary fascial closure of the laparostome cannot be performed in the presence of intestinal fistula, massive adhesions (Bjork &gt; 2b), extensive abdominal wall defect, intraabdominal hypertension; under these circumstances, laparostome closure is performed by applying skin sutures. Discussion. The formation of a laparostomy with subsequent abdominal rehabilitation at the stages of medical evacuation is currently a common treatment strategy for patients with BAT. The transformation of criteria for the possibility of completing the program of stage-by-stage rehabilitation and primary fascial closure of laparostomy into surgical tactics algorithms for BAT is the subject of further research. Conclusion. The conducted study illustrates the fact that the timing and technology of completing the program of staged rehabilitation for laparostomy depend on the initial severity of BAT, the adequacy of intra-abdominal infection control, and the choice of a method for temporary closure of the abdominal cavity.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лапаростомия</kwd><kwd>боевая абдоминальная травма</kwd><kwd>первично-фасциальное закрытие</kwd><kwd>этапные санации</kwd><kwd>перитонит</kwd><kwd>контроль повреждений</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>laparostomy</kwd><kwd>combat abdominal trauma</kwd><kwd>primary-fascial closure</kwd><kwd>planned sanation</kwd><kwd>damage control</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гостищев В.К., Сажин В.П., Авдовенко А.Л. Перитонит. 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