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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mossj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Московский хирургический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Moscow Surgical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-3180</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «ПРОФИЛЬ – 2С»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17238/2072-3180-2026-1-77-84</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mossj-1063</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТАЯ ХИРУРГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возможности реваскуляризации свободным мышечным лоскутом у пациентов с критической ишемией нижних конечностей при различной этиологии поражения дистального русла</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Possibilities of revascularization using a free muscle flap in patients with critical lower limb ischemia of different distal arterial lesions etiologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9682-7736</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калитко</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalitko</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калитко Илья Игоревич – сердечно-сосудистый хирург; аспирант кафедры госпитальной хирургии с курсом детской хирургии медицинского института  </p><p>141613, Московская область, г. Клин</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kalitko Ilya Igorevich – cardiovascular Surgeon; Postgraduate Student, Department of Hospital Surgery with the Course of Pediatric Surgery, Medical Institute</p><p>141613, Klin, Moscow Region</p><p>8 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilya.kalitko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7998-3051</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Файбушевич</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Faybushevich</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Файбушевич Александр Георгиевич – канд. мед. наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой госпитальной хирургии с курсом детской хирургии</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Faybushevich Alexander Georgievich – Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Hospital Surgery with the Course of Pediatric Surgery</p><p>8 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">faybushevich_ag@rudn.university</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1698-2999</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калитко</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalitko</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калитко Игорь Михайлович – канд. мед. наук, ведущий сердечно-сосудистый хирург</p><p>141613, Московская область, г. Клин</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kalitko Igor Mikhailovich – Candidate of Medical Sciences, Leading Cardiovascular Surgeon </p><p>141613, Klin, Moscow Region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">klinmed@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4925-7475</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черняев</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernyaev</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черняев Михаил Викторович – канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры госпитальной хирургии с курсом детской хирургии</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chernyaev Mikhail Viktorovich – Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Hospital Surgery with the Course of Pediatric Surgery</p><p>8 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mikhailcherniaev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ООО “Клиника инновационной хирургии”; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">LLC “Clinic of innovation surgery”; Patrice Lumumba Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Patrice Lumumba Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">ООО “Клиника инновационной хирургии”<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">LLC “Clinic of innovation surgery”<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>77</fpage><lpage>84</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Калитко И.И., Файбушевич А.Г., Калитко И.М., Черняев М.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Калитко И.И., Файбушевич А.Г., Калитко И.М., Черняев М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kalitko I.I., Faybushevich A.G., Kalitko I.M., Chernyaev M.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.mossj.ru/jour/article/view/1063">https://www.mossj.ru/jour/article/view/1063</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. У части пациентов с критической ишемией нижних конечностей невозможно выполнить прямую реваскуляризацию из-за отсутствия приемлемого дистального артериального русла (no-option).</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить эффективность реваскуляризации пересадкой свободного мышечного лоскута у пациентов с критической ишемией нижних конечностей разной этиологии поражения.</p><p>Материалы и методы исследования. Проведен анализ историй 37 пациентов (10 с облитерирующим тромбангиитом (болезнью Бюргера), 15 с сахарным диабетом, 12 с атеросклерозом артерий нижних конечностей), оперированных с 2016 по 2025 гг. которым была выполнена реваскуляризация нижних конечностей с использованием свободного мышечного лоскута (gracilis, latissimus dorsi).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты лечения</title><p>Результаты лечения. Общий показатель технического успеха операции составил 62 % – у 23 из 37 пациентов, для группы болезни Бюргера – 90 %, для группы атеросклероза – 75 %, для группы сахарного диабета – 33,3 %. Показатель одногодичного спасения конечности составил 88,9 %, 77,8 % и 80 % соответственно, с общим показателем спасения конечности в 82,6 %. Средний период наблюдения за пациентами составил 29,7 месяцев (M ± SD: 29,7 ± 24,9 месяцев, n=19), самое долгое наблюдение составило более 9 лет. Наличие неоваскулогенеза в окружающих пересаженный лоскут тканях подтверждено гистологически.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Непрямая или комбинированная реваскуляризация с использованием свободного мышечного лоскута является хорошей альтернативой большой ампутации у пациентов с критической ишемией no-option. Необходимо дальнейшее исследование метода, в особенности у пациентов с сахарным диабетом. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. In some patients with critical limb ischemia, direct revascularization is not feasible due to the absence of an adequate distal arterial bed (no-option).</p></sec><sec><title>The purpose of the study</title><p>The purpose of the study. To evaluate the effectiveness of revascularization using free muscle flap transfer in patients with critical lower limb ischemia of various etiologies.</p><p>Materials and methods of research. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 37 patients (10 with throm boangiitis obliterans [Buerger’s disease], 15 with diabetes mellitus, and 12 with atherosclerosis of the lower limb arteries) operated on between 2016 and 2025, who underwent lower limb revascularization using free muscle flaps (gracilis, latissimus dorsi).</p></sec><sec><title>Treatment results</title><p>Treatment results. The overall technical success rate was 62 % (23 of 37 patients): 90 % in the Buerger’s disease group, 75 % in the atherosclerosis group, and 33,3 % in the diabetes group. The one-year limb salvage rate was 88,9 %, 77,8 %, and 80 %, respectively, with an overall limb salvage rate of 82.6 %. The mean follow-up period was 29,7 months (M ± SD: 29,7 ± 24,9 months, n = 19), with the longest follow-up exceeding 9 years. The presence of neovascularization in tissues surrounding the transferred flap was confirmed histologically.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Indirect or combined revascularization using a free muscle flap is a valuable alternative to major amputation in no-option critical limb ischemia patients. Further research is warranted, particularly in diabetic patients.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>реваскуляризация</kwd><kwd>спасение конечности</kwd><kwd>свободный мышечный лоскут</kwd><kwd>свободный лоскут</kwd><kwd>критическая ишемия нижних конечностей</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>critical ischemia</kwd><kwd>distal-type arterial lesions</kwd><kwd>free muscle flap</kwd><kwd>indirect revascularization</kwd><kwd>flap failuren</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Conte M.S., Bradbury A.W., Kolh P., et al. Global vascular guidelines on the management of chronic limb-threatening ischemia. J Vasc Surg., 2019, № 58(6S), рр. 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